CVE-2024-37990

A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC Reader RF610R CMIIT (6GT2811-6BC10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R ETSI (6GT2811-6BC10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R FCC (6GT2811-6BC10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CC10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R ETSI (6GT2811-6CC10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R FCC (6GT2811-6CC10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ARIB (6GT2811-6AB20-4AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AB20-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ETSI (6GT2811-6AB20-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R FCC (6GT2811-6AB20-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ARIB (6GT2811-6AA10-4AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AA10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ETSI (6GT2811-6AA10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R FCC (6GT2811-6AA10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ARIB (6GT2811-6CA10-4AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CA10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ETSI (6GT2811-6CA10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R FCC (6GT2811-6CA10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC RF1140R (6GT2831-6CB00) (All versions < V1.1), SIMATIC RF1170R (6GT2831-6BB00) (All versions < V1.1), SIMATIC RF166C (6GT2002-0EE20) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF185C (6GT2002-0JE10) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF186C (6GT2002-0JE20) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF186CI (6GT2002-0JE50) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF188C (6GT2002-0JE40) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF188CI (6GT2002-0JE60) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF360R (6GT2801-5BA30) (All versions < V2.2). The affected applications contain configuration files which can be modified. An attacker with privilege access can modify these files and enable features that are not released for this device.
References
Configurations

Configuration 1 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf360r_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf360r:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 2 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf1170r_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf1170r:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 3 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf1140r_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf1140r:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 4 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 5 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 6 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 7 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_arib_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_arib:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 8 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 9 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 10 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 11 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_arib_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_arib:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 12 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 13 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 14 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 15 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_arib_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_arib:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 16 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 17 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 18 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 19 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 20 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 21 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 22 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf188ci_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf188ci:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 23 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf188c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf188c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 24 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf186ci_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf186ci:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 25 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf186c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf186c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 26 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf185c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf185c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 27 (hide)

AND
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf166c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf166c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

History

18 Sep 2024, 15:27

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time Siemens simatic Reader Rf610r Cmiit Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf186ci
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Fcc Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf185c
Siemens simatic Rf185c Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf188c Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf610r Etsi
Siemens simatic Rf1140r
Siemens simatic Reader Rf610r Fcc Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf186ci Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Etsi Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Cmiit Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf615r Etsi Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf186c Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf188ci
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Fcc
Siemens simatic Reader Rf610r Cmiit
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Arib Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Cmiit
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Etsi Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Cmiit Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Arib
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Arib Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Fcc Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Etsi Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Cmiit
Siemens simatic Reader Rf610r Fcc
Siemens simatic Rf186c
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Etsi
Siemens simatic Reader Rf610r Etsi Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf1140r Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf166c
Siemens simatic Rf360r
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Fcc
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Arib
Siemens simatic Rf1170r
Siemens simatic Reader Rf615r Etsi
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Cmiit Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Fcc
Siemens simatic Reader Rf615r Cmiit Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Etsi
Siemens simatic Reader Rf650r Arib Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Etsi
Siemens simatic Reader Rf615r Cmiit
Siemens simatic Reader Rf685r Cmiit
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Arib
Siemens simatic Rf166c Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf1170r Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf615r Fcc Firmware
Siemens simatic Reader Rf615r Fcc
Siemens simatic Reader Rf680r Fcc Firmware
Siemens
Siemens simatic Rf360r Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf188ci Firmware
Siemens simatic Rf188c
CPE cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_arib:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf1170r_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf188c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf1140r:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf188ci_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf1140r_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf166c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_arib_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf1170r:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_arib_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf185c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf360r:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf186ci:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf185c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf186c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_fcc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_etsi:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf610r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf186ci_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_arib:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf188c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf166c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf685r_etsi_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf188ci:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_rf360r_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_arib:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_fcc:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf680r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf650r_arib_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_cmiit:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:simatic_rf186c:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:siemens:simatic_reader_rf615r_cmiit_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CWE NVD-CWE-Other
References () https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-765405.html - () https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-765405.html - Vendor Advisory

10 Sep 2024, 12:09

Type Values Removed Values Added
Summary
  • (es) Se ha identificado una vulnerabilidad en SIMATIC Reader RF610R CMIIT (6GT2811-6BC10-2AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R ETSI (6GT2811-6BC10-0AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R FCC (6GT2811-6BC10-1AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CC10-2AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R ETSI (6GT2811-6CC10-0AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R FCC (6GT2811-6CC10-1AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ARIB (6GT2811-6AB20-4AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AB20-2AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ETSI (6GT2811-6AB20-0AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R FCC (6GT2811-6AB20-1AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ARIB (6GT2811-6AA10-4AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AA10-2AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ETSI (6GT2811-6AA10-0AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R FCC (6GT2811-6AA10-1AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ARIB (6GT2811-6CA10-4AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CA10-2AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ETSI (6GT2811-6CA10-0AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R FCC (6GT2811-6CA10-1AA0) (Todas las versiones &lt; V4.2), SIMATIC RF1140R (6GT2831-6CB00) (Todas las versiones &lt; V1.1), SIMATIC RF1170R (6GT2831-6BB00) (Todas las versiones &lt; V1.1), SIMATIC RF166C (6GT2002-0EE20) (Todas las versiones &lt; V2.2), SIMATIC RF185C (6GT2002-0JE10) (Todas las versiones &lt; V2.2), SIMATIC RF186C (6GT2002-0JE20) (Todas las versiones &lt; V2.2), SIMATIC RF186CI (6GT2002-0JE50) (Todas las versiones &lt; V2.2), SIMATIC RF188C (6GT2002-0JE40) (Todas las versiones &lt; V2.2), SIMATIC RF188CI (6GT2002-0JE60) (Todas las versiones &lt; V2.2), SIMATIC RF360R (6GT2801-5BA30) (Todas las versiones &lt; V2.2). Las aplicaciones afectadas contienen archivos de configuración que se pueden modificar. Un atacante con acceso privilegiado puede modificar estos archivos y habilitar funciones que no están disponibles para este dispositivo.

10 Sep 2024, 10:15

Type Values Removed Values Added
New CVE

Information

Published : 2024-09-10 10:15

Updated : 2024-09-18 15:27


NVD link : CVE-2024-37990

Mitre link : CVE-2024-37990

CVE.ORG link : CVE-2024-37990


JSON object : View

Products Affected

siemens

  • simatic_reader_rf650r_arib_firmware
  • simatic_rf186c
  • simatic_rf186ci
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_arib_firmware
  • simatic_rf360r_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_fcc
  • simatic_reader_rf610r_cmiit
  • simatic_rf166c
  • simatic_reader_rf650r_cmiit_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf610r_cmiit_firmware
  • simatic_rf185c
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_arib
  • simatic_reader_rf650r_etsi
  • simatic_reader_rf650r_fcc
  • simatic_rf188ci_firmware
  • simatic_rf188c_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf615r_fcc_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf650r_etsi_firmware
  • simatic_rf186ci_firmware
  • simatic_rf188c
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_etsi_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_fcc_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf610r_fcc
  • simatic_rf188ci
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_cmiit
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_arib
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_etsi_firmware
  • simatic_rf1140r
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_arib_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf650r_arib
  • simatic_reader_rf615r_etsi_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_fcc_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf650r_fcc_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf650r_cmiit
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_etsi
  • simatic_rf360r
  • simatic_reader_rf610r_etsi_firmware
  • simatic_rf185c_firmware
  • simatic_rf1170r_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_etsi
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_fcc
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_cmiit_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf680r_cmiit
  • simatic_reader_rf615r_etsi
  • simatic_reader_rf615r_cmiit
  • simatic_reader_rf615r_cmiit_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf615r_fcc
  • simatic_rf1140r_firmware
  • simatic_rf166c_firmware
  • simatic_rf1170r
  • simatic_reader_rf610r_fcc_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf685r_cmiit_firmware
  • simatic_reader_rf610r_etsi
  • simatic_rf186c_firmware
CWE
NVD-CWE-Other CWE-912

Hidden Functionality